![]() Decrease in mechanical nociceptive threshold in skeletal muscle in adult rats, produced by exposure to water-avoidance stress, was significantly attenuated by neonatal handling. Neonatal male rats underwent the handling protocol on postnatal days 2–9, weaned at 21 days and tested for muscle mechanical nociceptive threshold at postnatal days 50–75. We tested the hypothesis that neonatal handling, which induces resilience to the negative impact of stress by increasing the quality and quantity of maternal care, attenuates the mechanical hyperalgesia produced by water-avoidance stress in the adult rat. Green, Paul G.Ĭhronic stress is well known to exacerbate pain. Neonatal handling (resilience) attenuates water-avoidance stress induced enhancement of chronic mechanical hyperalgesia in the ratĪlvarez, Pedro Levine, Jon D. © 2011 The Japanese Urological Association. Further study of cyclooxygenase-2 in the water avoidance stress bladder might provide novel therapeutic modalities for interstitial cystitis. Chronic stress might cause frequency through cyclooxygenase-2 gene upregulation in bladder smooth muscle cells. All water avoidance stress-induced changes were reduced by cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor pretreatment. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry showed high cyclooxygenase-2 expression exclusively in smooth muscle cells. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting showed significantly higher cyclooxygenase-2 protein levels in water avoidance stress bladders. ![]() Significantly higher expression of cyclooxygenase-2 messenger ribonucleic acid was verified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Metabolic cage analysis and cystometrography showed significantly shorter intervals and less volume of voiding in water avoidance stress rats. Furthermore, the effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, etodolac, were investigated by carrying out cystometrography, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 was analyzed with immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was carried out to examine cyclooxygenase-2 messenger ribonucleic acid in bladders of rats. After being subjected to water avoidance stress or a sham procedure, rats underwent metabolic cage analysis and cystometrography. We investigated the voiding pattern and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in a rat bladder model of water avoidance stress. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors have been recognized to ameliorate frequency both in clinical and experimental settings. Water avoidance stress is a potent psychological stressor and it is associated with visceral hyperalgesia, which shows degeneration of the urothelial layer mimicking interstitial cystitis. Yamamoto, Keisuke Takao, Tetsuya Nakayama, Jiro Kiuchi, Hiroshi Okuda, Hidenobu Fukuhara, Shinichiro Yoshioka, Iwao Matsuoka, Yasuhiro Miyagawa, Yasushi Tsujimura, Akira Nonomura, Norio Water avoidance stress induces frequency through cyclooxygenase-2 expression: a bladder rat model.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |